The Botucatu Unit was the outcome of the takeover of Indústria Aeronáutica Neiva. Established in 1954, in Rio de Janeiro, and installed in the city of Botucatu two years later, Neiva produced the first Brazilian gliders. It stood out in designing and manufacturing light aircraft for primary training and military models until it was subcontracted by Embraer to assemble the Embraer Piper line in 1975. In 1980, Neiva became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Embraer, although it was operated as an independent company until 2006.
The unit is currently responsible for producing the Ipanema crop duster and in charge of marketing, spare part sales and aftermarket support for agricultural aviation. It also produces parts and structures for the ERJ 145, Embraer 170/190, and Phenom jets; it assembles the fuselage and subassemblies for the Super Tucano, and manufactures tools, GSEs e spare parts for discontinued Embraer aircraft.